REpAb® Nanobody Discovery2026-01-30T17:36:00-05:00

REpAb® Nanobody Discovery.

Discover functionally validated VHH nanobodies directly from antigen-enriched serum.

Antibody Discovery In Camelids.

How It Works.

Rapid Novor’s REpAb® Nanobody Discovery Service delivers an end-to-end discovery platform for VHH antibodies (nanobodies) directly from antigen-enriched pAb. Unlike conventional library-based methods, REpAb® uses mass spectrometry and advanced bioinformatics to identify and reconstruct full-length VHH sequences that have already undergone in vivo affinity maturation and demonstrated functional relevance in a pAb format.

This service supports biotech and pharmaceutical discovery teams as well as diagnostics developers in accelerating lead identification with high-confidence antibody sequences suitable for downstream engineering, expression, and characterization.

Why Nanobody Discovery Matters.

Camelids such as alpacas and llamas naturally produce heavy-chain-only antibodies. The antigen-binding domain of these antibodies, the VHH, represents a single-domain antibody fragment with unique advantages:

  • Small size (~15 kDa) enabling access to cryptic or sterically restricted epitopes.
  • High stability and solubility facilitating robust expression and assay performance.
  • Modular architecture suited for multivalent, multispecific, and engineered constructs.

These features make VHHs exceptionally valuable for therapeutic, diagnostic, and research reagent applications.

REpAb® Platform Capabilities.

Application Note: Alpaca VHH Discovery

REpAb® was applied to an antigen-enriched alpaca IgG preparation. Among ten unique heavy-chain-only antibody sequences identified:

  • Nine exhibited specific antigen binding upon recombinant expression.
  • A subset underwent SPR and HDX-MS characterization, revealing diverse binding kinetics and distinct epitopes across both Fab and Fc regions of the antigen.

This demonstrates the capability of REpAb® to discover high-quality nanobody lead candidates with structural and functional diversity.

Protein-First Discovery of Functional anti-rabbit IgG VHH Antibodies with Diverse Epitope Engagement

Getting Started.

Requirements

One of the following:

  • Antigen of interest
  • Immunoserum
  • Antigen-purified polyclonal antibody

Deliverables

  • Full-length, antigen-specific VHH sequences with confidence metrics through peptide datasets.
  • Abundance and ranking data to prioritize leads.
  • Recombinant expression constructs and expression data (optional).
  • Biophysical characterization of recombinant antibodies (optional).
  • Technical report summarizing methods, results, and recommended candidates.

Turn-Around Time

Serum to sequences – 5 weeks
Immunization to Sequences – 16 weeks
End-to-end – 21 weeks

Advantages of Protein-First Discovery.

REpAb®targets functional antibodies already present in serum that have undergone natural affinity maturation and selection. This contrasts with traditional VHH discovery workflows that:

  • Depend on peripheral B cell availability.

  • Require complex library construction and display panning strategies.
  • Often yield candidates that fail to express or perform when recombinantly produced.

Applications

REpAb ® Nanobody Discovery is suitable for:

  • Therapeutic Lead Identification
  • Diagnostic Reagent Development
  • Research Tool Generation
  • Epitope-Targeted Engineering Projects

More on How REpAb Works.

Rapid Novor’s REpAb® Nanobody Discovery Service delivers an end-to-end discovery platform for VHH antibodies (nanobodies) directly from antigen-enriched serum. Unlike conventional library-based methods, REpAb® uses protein-first mass spectrometry and advanced bioinformatics to identify and reconstruct full-length VHH sequences that have already undergone in vivo affinity maturation and demonstrated functional relevance.

An immunized animal (e.g., alpaca) is challenged with your target antigen. Following sufficient immune response, serum is collected and antigen-specific antibodies are enriched through affinity purification methods.
REpAb® analyzes antibodies at the protein level using mass spectrometry. The workflow includes:

  • Multi-enzyme proteolytic digestion of enriched antibody proteins.
  • LC-MS/MS data acquisition.
  • Research Tool Generation
  • Proprietary, machine learning-enhanced de novo peptide sequencing and assembly to derive full-length VHH sequences

This protein-first approach bypasses biases from genetic-based discovery methods, enabling direct access to functional, affinity-matured nanobody sequences circulating in vivo.

  • ELISA or other binding assays to confirm target specificity.
  • Ranking of candidates by abundance, sequence quality, or functional metrics.
  • Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)
  • Epitope binning
  • Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry
  • (HDX-MS)

Talk to Our Scientists.

We Have Sequenced 9000+ Antibodies and We Are Eager to Help You.

Through next generation protein sequencing, Rapid Novor enables timely and reliable discovery and development of novel reagents, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Thanks to our Next Generation Protein Sequencing and antibody discovery services, researchers have furthered thousands of projects, patented antibody therapeutics, and ran the first recombinant polyclonal antibody diagnostics

Talk to our scientists. We have sequenced over 9000+ antibodies and we are eager to help you.

Talk to Our Scientists.

We Have Sequenced 10,000+ Antibodies and We Are Eager to Help You.

Through next generation protein sequencing, Rapid Novor enables reliable discovery and development of novel reagents, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Thanks to our Next Generation Protein Sequencing and antibody discovery services, researchers have furthered thousands of projects, patented antibody therapeutics, and developed the first recombinant polyclonal antibody diagnostics.

Antibody Sequencing, Discovery and Characterization Services.

Antibody Sequencing & Discovery Services.

REmAb® mAb Sequencing

Monoclonal antibody sequencing from small antibody samples, no need for hybridoma or DNA information. Full sequence in record time.
Explore Antibody Sequencing Services

REpAb® pAb Sequencing

Polyclonal antibody sequencing and antibody discovery service. Sequence antibodies from blood or a polyclonal mixture.
Explore Antibody Discovery Services

RapidSPR™ Analysis

Label-free evaluation of antibody-antigen binding using surface plasmon resonance on Biacore or Nicoya. Can be employed for detailed kinetic profiling, kinetics screening, or epitope binning.

Explore SPR Services

RapidHDX-MS

Mass spec based epitope mapping. Epitope mapping for identify the binding site of an antibody to its corresponding antigen with the highest confidence and resolution.
Explore HDX-MS Epitope Mapping Service

MATCHmAb

Antibody verification by rapid peptide mapping. Antibody sequence confirmation and full detailed mapping for development purposes.
Explore Peptide Mapping Service

Antibody Characterization

LC-MS analysis for study of antibody glycosylation, disulfide bonds, post-translational modifications, sequence variants, intact mass and size.
Explore Antibody Characterization Services